Satratoxins & Macrocyclic Trichothecenes
Also known as: Satratoxin G · Satratoxin H · Roridin A · Roridin E · Verrucarin A
Overview
Macrocyclic trichothecenes produced almost exclusively by Stachybotrys chartarum — the mold most associated with sick building syndrome. Satratoxins are among the most potent mycotoxins known, with toxicity orders of magnitude greater than simple trichothecenes. They are uniquely relevant to indoor air quality assessments in water-damaged buildings and are a key target in CIRS workups. PBMC accumulation of satratoxins provides direct evidence of inhalation exposure.
Primary Sources
Inhalation in water-damaged buildings with active Stachybotrys chartarum growth; damp cellulose-containing materials (drywall, paper, wood); contaminated HVAC systems and ductwork.
Health Effects
Olfactory neuron destruction, neuroinflammation, severe cognitive impairment, fatigue, immune dysregulation, pulmonary inflammation, CIRS, and potential neurotoxic effects at extremely low concentrations.
Detection Method
This toxin is detected and quantified using HRMS (LC or GC) analysis of isolated PBMCs. The intracellular accumulation of this compound in lymphocytes and monocytes provides a more accurate reflection of chronic systemic burden than conventional serum or urine testing.